Estrogen is one of the key sex hormones that is critical for both female sexual development and sexual function. It is primarily made in the ovaries and helps regulate the menstrual cycle, the growth of the uterus, and plays an important role in pregnancy and childbirth.
Some key facts about estrogen:
- There are three main types of estrogen in women: estradiol, estrone, and estriol. Estradiol is the primary estrogen both before and after menopause.
- Estrogen levels rise and fall during the menstrual cycle, peaking just before ovulation. This triggers release of an egg from the ovaries.
- Estrogen plays a vital role in developing female secondary sex characteristics during puberty, like breast growth and distribution of body fat.
- It regulates the menstrual cycle by stimulating growth of the uterine lining during the first half of the cycle.
- Estrogen facilitates pregnancy by maintaining the uterine lining, growing breast tissue, and more. Levels steadily rise during pregnancy.
Some key functions of estrogen in women include:
- Sexual development - Development of female reproductive organs, body fat distribution, breasts
- Menstrual regulation - Controls menstrual and fertility cycles by stimulating uterus lining growth and release of eggs for possible fertilization
- Pregnancy & childbirth - Plays a role in maintaining pregnancy by growing uterine lining and breast tissue, relaxing pelvic muscles to prepare for delivery
- Bone maintenance - Helps regulate bone density and production of bone cells
- Heart health - Contributes to healthy cholesterol levels when balanced with progesterone
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Now you might ask - what happens when estrogen levels get too high or too low? An imbalance can lead to issues like:
What happens if estrogen is too high?
- Heavy, painful, or irregular periods
- Fibrocystic breasts
- Weight gain and fluid retention
- Mood changes like depression or anxiety
What happens if estrogen is too low?
- Hot flashes
- Vaginal dryness
- Decreased libido
- Issues with concentration and memory
- Mood changes like depression
In summary, estrogen is an essential hormone that develops female characteristics and regulates critical processes like menstruation and pregnancy. Getting your hormone levels checked by an endocrinologist is important, especially if you experience any severe symptoms related to estrogen imbalance. Consider making an appointment with Vitality Hormone Clinic today for state-of-the-art hormone testing and personalized treatment plans.